Location
The Adentan Municipal Assembly (with Adenta as its CBD) lies 10 Kilometres to the Northeast of Accra, which is specifically located on latitude 5’ 43’’North and longitude 0’ 09’’West. The Municipal has a land area of about 85 sq km (33 sq mls). It shares boundaries with Tema Metropolitan Assembly (TMA) in the east, Ga East Municipal Assembly in the West, Oyibi Township (part of the TMA) in the north, and Madina a suburb of Ga East Municipality in the south.
Adentan Municipal Area also serves as a nodal point, where the main Accra/Aburi/Koforidua and Accra/Dodowa truck roads passes.
Climate
Temperatures are generally high throughout the year. The high temperatures warms up the air, which rises to condense contributing to the second type of precipitation called Conventional rainfall for the area. March –April is usually the hottest period with temperatures reaching 32°c during the day and 27°c at night. Cooler temperatures occur from May-September with a high of 27-29°c during the day and 22-24°c in the night.
The area experiences two types of rainy seasons. The first and the major season start from April to July while the second but minor season is from September to November each year. The bi-modal rainfall pattern provides a suitable environment for farming activities in most months (8 months) of the year as residents are able to cultivate and harvest different type of crops within each season.
The Relief rainfall occurs because the Akuapim range serves as a natural border for the community. The range serve as an impediment for the South-easterlies moisture bearing winds from the sea, which forces this warm air to rise to condense into rain bearing clouds giving Adentan and its environ heavy rainfall.
Vegetation
The rainfall pattern and the terrain of Adentan have influenced the vegetation cover of the environment. The southern part of Adentan is covered by Savannah grass with scattered Nim-trees. The northern part has Savannah semi-rain forest with deciduous trees but due to the activities of human behaviour, the general vegetation cover of some parts of the community have changed to grassland and in some places, bare lands.
The climatic condition and vegetation cover have contributed immensely to animal rearing and vegetable production in the area.
Soil and Geology
The soils are highly elastic when wet but become hard and compact when dry and then crack vertically from the surface. This renders the soil unsuitable for hand cultivation.
The soil type is confined mainly to small amounts of subsistence cropping of cassava, okro, maize and other vegetables. The short type grassland provides extensive grazing fields.
There are brownish grey, medium or coarse sand, underlain by a hard porous gristly loam along the Frafraha area. The soils have low nutritional status and are quick in becoming parched after the end of the rainy season. Main crops grown here include pepper, okro, watermelon and maize.
The area is underlain with Precambrian rocks of the Dahomeyan formation. Sedimentary rocks are deposited at the southern, western and eastern parts of the Municipality. Metamorphic rocks deposits are found at the northern parts that consist of granite and gneiss making this part rocky and stony in appearance.
The rock formation in the area has promoted stone quarry and sand winning giving a kind of informal employment.
Natural Environment
Adentan abounds in several natural resources; prominent among them are the Nugbete River in Nmaidjor and the Ogbojo stream. Currently, these resources are not being properly maintained and are gradually collecting waste materials in the form of used papers and polythene bags. It is also reported that the Ogbojo stream has the tendency of overflowing its banks during the rainy season making it difficult for residents to access the Ogbojo market and other social-economic facilities such schools at its other side. This has crippled the functionality of the market. There is therefore the need to construct box culverts across vantage areas of the stream to facilitate movement from one side of the stream to the other.
